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Gout Got You Down?: A Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment

Gout, a type of joint inflammation, can be a challenging condition to grapple with. It can transform the simplest tasks into an uphill battle. But with comprehensive clinical assessment, diagnostic tools, and treatments, managing gout is now more successful than it has ever been. ACTIVATE Musculoskeletal Clinic in Kent is here to help, providing specialist clinical assessment, ultrasound-guided injections, physiotherapy, and orthotics.


Understanding Gout: An Overview

Gout is a common and complex form of arthritis that results from an imbalance in your body's ability to process uric acid. Uric acid is a substance that the body produces when it breaks down purines – chemicals that are naturally present in the body and can also be found in certain types of food. Normally, uric acid dissolves in your blood, passes through your kidneys, and exits your body when you urinate.



However, when the balance tips – that is, when your body starts to make too much uric acid or if your kidneys are not excreting enough of it – problems arise. The uric acid concentration in your body starts to increase. Over time, this excessive uric acid can form sharp, needle-like crystals that accumulate in your joints or the surrounding tissues.

When these crystals form in your joints, particularly common areas like your big toe, ankle, or knee, they can cause intense discomfort. This often manifests as episodes of sudden burning pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joint - what we call a gout flare-up. In between these flare-ups, gout may seem to disappear, with no symptoms present. But over time, without appropriate management, these attacks can become more frequent and last longer. That's why understanding gout at its very core is the first step in successfully managing it.


gout clinical picture


What Triggers Gout?

Lifestyle choices are often linked to gout flare-ups. Overconsumption of alcohol, especially beer, or a diet high in purines (found in red meats and seafood) can spike uric acid levels. Some medications also contribute to increased uric acid. Genetics can play a role too, as some people may inherit susceptibility to gout. If you're worried about your risk, why not book an appointment with ACTIVATE Musculoskeletal Clinic for a comprehensive assessment?


Diagnosing Gout: The Challenges and Solutions

Diagnosing gout can be tricky. In addition to symptoms and clinical signs, blood tests showing high uric acid levels are not always conclusive. Physical symptoms provide clues, but concrete evidence is required. That's where imaging proves invaluable.


Traditional X-ray imaging technique also has its place in the diagnostic process. X-rays, particularly in the later stages of gout, can reveal changes in the joint. These may include "punched-out" erosions in the bone around the joint, caused by long-standing uric acid crystal deposits. However, in the early stages of gout, an X-ray might appear normal, making it less useful for early diagnosis. Also, it's worth noting that X-rays cannot visualise the uric acid crystals directly, unlike ultrasound, which offers a more detailed picture of the soft tissues around the joint and can directly visualise uric acid crystal deposits.


gout foot xray

In early stages of Gout, consider ultrasound as your super-powered medical microscope. It utilises sound waves to create detailed images of your body's structures, including uric acid deposits in joints commonly affected by gout, like the big toe, knee, ankle or wrist. Ultrasound can also detect early signs of gout even before crystal formation by identifying indicators of inflammation such as increased blood flow, swelling, or the formation of 'aggregates' - small clusters of cells. At ACTIVATE Musculoskeletal Clinic, we utilise ultrasound for both diagnosis and treatment, in addition to monitoring progression.


foot ultrasound scan

Effective Treatments

Once gout is identified, the next step is management and prevention of future attacks. Initial treatments often involve medications like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and Colchicine to manage pain and inflammation. Medications to lower uric acid levels are also prescribed to tackle the root cause.


capsule medication


Ultrasound-Guided Injections: Precision Treatment for Gout

When conventional treatments aren't enough, ACTIVATE Musculoskeletal Clinic steps in with solutions like ultrasound-guided injections. Just as a GPS guides you to your destination, ultrasound guides the needle to the exact location, ensuring optimal delivery of the medication. This approach enhances the effectiveness, reduces side effects, and accelerates recovery. Learn more about our ultrasound-guided injection therapy and see if it might be the right treatment for you.


syringes with medications


ACTIVATE Your Gout Management Plan Today

Living with gout can be challenging, but with the right knowledge and treatments, you can regain control. ACTIVATE Musculoskeletal Clinic in Kent is your go-to clinic for any musculoskeletal conditions and injuries, Book an appointment today for a thorough clinical and ultrasound assessment .


About the Author: Dr. Mustafa Alnaib MBChB, MRCS, MSc, FEBOT is an orthopaedic surgeon, musculoskeletal doctor and Clinic Director at ACTIVATE Musculoskeletal Clinic in Kent.

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